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0502
Experiment P22: Work - Energy Theorem: W = deltaE
(Force Sensor, Smart Pulley)

PURPOSE
The purpose of this laboratory activity is to measure the work done on an object and the change in kinetic energy of the object.

THEORY
For an object with mass m that experiences a net force Fnet over a distance d that is parallel to the net force, the work done is:

W = Fnet d

If the work changes the object's vertical position, the object's gravitational potential energy changes. However, if the work changes only the object's speed, the object's kinetic energy changes as follows:

W = AKE = KEf - KEi = 1/2 m vf 2  -  1/2 m vi 2

where W is the work, vf is the final speed of the object and vi is the initial speed of the object.

PROCEDURE
For this activity, the force sensor measures the force applied to the cart by a string that is suspended over a pulley with an object of known mass at the end of the string. The Smart Pulley measures the motion of a cart as it is pulled. The Science Workshop program displays the force applied, and the distance and speed of the object. The program integrates the area under a curve of force versus distance to determine the work done. The program calculates the final kinetic energy. The final kinetic energy is compared to the work done. Please refer to the lab manual for a detailed procedure.

Science - Stretching the Boundaries
(Science Workshop 2.2)
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